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Wish you a happy new year :-))

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Venkatesh Appala

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Naku Microsoft Certification vachindi ga...

Oka Prema Kadha...

Anaganaga....oka abbai..aa abbai oka manchi family lo puttadu.chaala danavanthulu..aa abbai chinnatanam nundi chaala studious. enthantae seventh class mandal first, tenth class district first, intermediate state third, eamcet 900 rank. ala antha baaga chadivina aa abbai..intermediate ipoyaka engineering oka great reputed university lo join iyyadu.first year ipoindi with superb percentage antae 92% anamaata.so second year lo aa abbai class representative anamaata. second year lo oka merupu teega aa college lo join indi. antae polytechnic ipoyaka engineering join indi anamaata.aa abbai tholi chupulone prema lo paddadu.ela ina maatladali tanatho anukunadu.kaani dairyam saripovatle.chusthunadu chusthunadu avakasam kosam.aa week end lo oka lab lo aa ammai place aa abbai pakkana anamaata.inka aa abbai tagguthada...aa ammai tho chaala sepu maatladi..aa ammai gurinchi, family gurinchi motham telusukunadu.pichi pichi ga nachesindi.mobile number adigadu kaani ..apatiki aa ammai ki phone ledanamaata.so vaalla father number ichindi.inka aa roju nundi start indi idharu chat chesukovadam.time teledu.nite 2 ala iyedhi bojjunesariki.

aa abbai serious ga aa ammai ni premisthunadu. but aa ammai ki aa vudhesam ledu maamulugane maatladuthu untundi aa abbai tho..ala chat chesukuntunaru roju..anni vishayalu maatladukuntunaru.aa ammai tho undae idharai ammailaki aa abbai antae chaala istam.istam antae chaala chaala best and sweetest friend anamaata..e abbai aa ammai kosam pichi ekkipovadam chusi aa idharu friends aa ammai ni velli adigaru " okavela aa abbai nuvantae istam ani chepthe em chesthav ani..neeku aa abbai antae istamaa ani.." apudu aa ammai em andhantae naaku istamae kaani maa intlo oppukoru ilantivi so nenu preminchanu andi. apudu aa idhari frnds aa abbai em ipothado ani aa abbai tho chaala cheppevaru.." nuv mundhu baaga chaduvuko taruvatha aa ammai nee dagaarki vasthundi.nuv ila chat chesi chesi chadavadam tagginchesthunav ani.." kaani prema kada ..tanakanna emi ekkuva kaadu anukunadu..kaani chadavadam matuku emi tagginchale..second year lo kuda manchi percentage vachindi.

aa ammai ki kodhi kodhi ga ardham avthundi aa abbai tanani premisthunadani..aa abbai antae aa ammai ki kuda chaala istam but decision teesukolekapoindi .endukantae vaalla parents oppukoru kachitanga.anavasaranga aa abbai ki hopes pettadam denikani..kaani aa abbai vadaladu kada.ala maatladuthu maatladuthu idharam kalisi chaduvukundham annadu.apudu aa ammai vadhu andharu tappu ga anukuntaru andi.apudu aa abbai neekosam nuv aalochinchu..vere vaallu em anukuntae neekenduku annadu.aa maata aa ammai manasu lo ekado tagilindi.inka aa next day nundi idharu kalisi chaduvukunevaru.
ala ala chaduvukuntu undaga okaroju aa ammai ki aa abbai cheppadu.."nuvantae naaku chaala istam.nenantae kuda neeku istam ani naaku telusu.nuv mee parents oppukoru ani aalosisthunav ani anadu." apudu aa ammai avnu andi..inka aa abbai tanaki ful dairyam cheppi..em parle mana parents mana manche kada korukunedhi vaalaki ardham iyettatu chepthe ardham chesukuntaru.maa parents tho mee intiki vachi oppistha kada ani cheppadu.daanitho aa ammai ki baaga confidence vachindi..inka aa roju nundi idharu preminchukuntunaru...

chaala baaga chaduvukuni idharu eppudu raanantha manchi percentages techukunaru idharu.basically aa ammai average candidate anamaata 75 percentage ala undi.but once aa abbai tho kalisi chadavadam start chesaka aa ammai class second topper ipoindi.first aa abbai kada.madyalo aa abbai idhari frnds unaru kada..vaalu e abbai tho maatladadam maanesaru.veedu manam cheppina vinakunda tana kosam pichekipothunadu ani..kaani okasari aa abbai intiki velladanamaata.appudu aa ammai tana friends dagara edchindi aa abbai kosam.paapam aa ammai ki abbai antae chaala chaala istam..konni sarlu ithe aa ammai..aa abbai tho " nenu neetone unta..neetho unate nenu ful happy ga unta" ani anedhi.antha istam anamaata..daanitho aa idharu friends veeladhi nijamaina prema ani nammi, veelani ela ina kalapali ani decide iyyaru.apati nundi andharu kalisi undaevaaru..aa abbai frnds chaala mandhi baa dairyam cheppevaru aa abbai baadhapadinapudu.

aa abbai kuda friends kosam praanam ichevaadu.antae elanti help ina cheyadaniki sidhapadevaadu.money saayam kaani,maata saayam kaani inka boldu chesevaadu.aa abbai ,ammai kalisi baaga enjoy chesaru..ala third year ipoindi.inka fourth year.fourth year starting ,lo aa ammai ki vaalla baava ni ichi pelli chedham anukunaru valla parents..inka vaalu idharu ful baadhapaddaru ekada vidipothamo ani..aa ammai roju edchedhi paapam..pelli istam ledhu ani..ela ithe devudi dayavalla aa pelli cancel ipoindi..

inka fourth year lo okavypu college festival godavalu..inkovypu placements hadavidi.. aa abbai class topper kada..kaani first vachina 3 companies ki select avale.entho baadhapadadu apudu.aa ammai first company lo last round daaka velli terminate ipoindi.paapam chaala baadhapadindi apudu.aa abbai anni vidhala bujja ginchi, apati nundi aa ammai ki placement raavadaniki kaavalsina subjects anni nerpinchadu.aa ammai polytechnic lo emi nerchukoledanamaata.sarigga emi raavu.okatae vachu aa ammai ki ..aa abbai ni praanam kanna ekkuva preminchadam..e abbai placement ipoindi kaani aa abbai lo santhosham ledu.paapam aa ammai ki kuda placement vasthe idharu happy ga undae vaaru.ala rojulu gadusthunay..madyalo chaala companies vasthunay..kaani aa ammai ki raavatle job..ala oka roju oka company vachindi.inka aa abbai kuda aa ammai pakkana kukchoni ,program raaayinchi aa ammai tho..written test successful ga pass iyetattu chesadu.taruvatha interview..aa ammai ki aa written test lo ichina program emi teleedu..inka apatikapudu aa program motham explain chesi interview ki pampadu..ela ithe devudi dayavalla aa ammai aa company lo select ipoindi..inka idharu ful happy anamaata.

taruvatha inka college festival..apudu boldu godavalu.evaru coordinator ani..ela ithe last ki aa abbai coordinator ga vundi .chaala baaga chesadu aa festival.taruvatha jarigindi oka incident..aa incident vaalla college mothanni baadhapettindi..aa abbai best frnd okadu suicide chesukunadu..aa abbai tattukolekapoyadu.vaalla friends andharu placement raaledhemo ani chanipoyadu anukunaru..kaani oka ammai chethilo mosapoya ani letter raasi chanipoyadu.apudu andharu chaala baadhapaddaru.ela ina aa ammai ki shiksha padali anukunaru.but em cheyalekapoyaru..ala vadilesaru...vaadu chanipoy vaalla friends  andharaki chaala vishayalu nerpinchadu.apudae ardham indi vaalandharaki ammailu ala kuda vuntaru ani..

ala rojulu gadusthunay..aa abbai,ammai jeevitham kosam boldu kalalu kantunaru.ila undali, ala vundali  mana future ani..vaallu idharu tiragani chotu ledhu..anni places ki almost velipoyaru..ala engineering ipoindi..aa abbai university gold medalist anamaata..

inka evarintiki vaallu velipoyaru..messages chesukuntu, phone chesukuntu unaru..ala rojulu gadusthunay..inka companies nundi cal raaledhu..oka roju sudden ga aa ammai ki mail vachindi company nundi..tanaki training. posting vere vuru ani..apudu aa vishayam telisina aa ammai akadaki vellanu ani ful baadhapadindi..ela ithe aa abbai ala dairyam cheppi..aa vuru pampadu..e lopu aa abbai ki kuda company nundi call vachindi..vachi join ipomanaru..kaani bad entantae aa abbai dhi..aa ammai dhi oka vuru kaadanamaata..kaani tappadhu kada..ela ithe dairyam techukuni idharu job chesthunaru..idharaki training avthu undi..aa abbai training ipoy project lo ki velipoyadu..aa ammai training lo boldanni kastalu..boldu exams..terminate chestharemo ani aa abbai tho okaroju cheppindi..ventane okavela porapaatuna aa ammai ni terminate chesthe baadhapaduthundani..aa abbai ki telisina companies lo,tana comapany lo aa ammai resume petti safe side unchadu..

kaani devudi dayavalla aa ammai akadi nundi terminate avaledu..idharu ala phone maatladukuntunaru..messages chesukuntunaru..rojulu gadusthunay..e lopu aa abbai vaalla intlo vaalla prema kosam cheppesadu ela ithe dairyam techukoni..aa abbai valla intlo andharu oppukunaru..vaalla parents okatae anaru "nee santhoshamae ra memu korukunedhi ani.."

kaani epudu okalaaga undaru kada manshulu..anni vishayalu aa abbai tho share chesukunae aa ammai oka chinna vishayam lo aa abbai tho share chesukonu andi adhi tattukoleni aa abbai oka 2 days aa aamai ni full baadhapettadu..sachipotha e china vishayam e naatho share chesukonu antunav repu life lo boldantha share chesukovali ani ful bedirinchadu sachipotha ani aa ammai ni..kaani aa 2 days taruvatha tana tappu telusukuni..chaala bujjaginchadu..inkepudu ala cheyanu ani chaala brathimilaadadu..but aa ammai manasu apatike virigipoindi..inka chaala godavalu vaalidhara madya..so present idharu maatladukovatle anamaata..

Antha simple ga marchipoyae prema kaadu kada vaaladhi..so malli vaalidharu kalustharemo ani eduruchudham..

Naaku IBM Certificate vachindi ga....

Na job kastalu...

Nenu attend ina companies..

1.TCS
2.Infosys
3.Sutherland
4.YCS (off-campus)
5.Wipro bpo(off-campus)
6.Rave technolohies(off-campus)
7.MAQ software solutions

Brief explanation of my experience:

1.TCS : written test kuda qualify avale..maa colz lo 139 select iyyaru..naaku ful edupu vachindi.endukantae nenu CSE topper ni kadha...but nenu enduku avaledhantae english weak nenu kodiga..so nenu english baaaga nerchu kovalani telisindhi..

2. INFOSYS: written test baaga raasanu but adhi kuda avaledhu..maa colz lo 36 select iyaru..malli baadha start indhi..kaani em chestham..inka baa prepare avali ani telisindhi..

3.Sutherland: e company ki select iyanu..but it is a bpo..not satisfied for that job..

4.YCS : NIIT institute lo off campous ki attend iyanu..heavy competition akada..but nenu select iyanu..out of 3 selected candidates am one of those...but package takkuva...

5.Wipro bpo: 1 round speaking skiils testing..akade venakki vachesa..

6.Rave technologies: idhi kuda off-campus..indhulo written indhi..GD lo poindhi..

7.MAQ software solutions: colz lo 3 members select iyaru..indhulo nenu una ga...package entho telusa 4.15L. pyna attend ina companilu anniti kantae ekkuva package...am very very happy...chaala manchi company..world wide 300 employees anta..andharu IIT's untaru..na adrustam vaalatho kalisi job cheyadam...

idhantha enduku chepthunanu antae oka company lo raaledhani baadha padadhu..Devudu oka opportunity miss chesthe daani kanna manchi opportunity istharanamaata..ardha maindha...prepare well....

"If HardWork is Your Weapon then Success is your Slave..."

Gurupournami photos...

MIRACLES OF SHIRIDI SAI BAABA....

Sai Baba of Shirdi is an epitome of spiritual perfection and has been the guiding source for the mankind leading to salvation. As a spiritual guru and savior Shri Saibaba was no ordinary fakir but an avatar of high order. This was evident through his miracles and sayings that exhibited his purpose and intention for which he had come. He would often say, "My Leela is inscrutable". Saibaba's Leela's (miracles) were plenty and varied; here are a few of the miracles of Shirdi Saibaba, for his devotees and those interested in his philosophies.
Baba's Leelas (Miracles)
Lighting Lamps with Water...

This is among the earliest evidences of Saibaba's miracles. Baba was fond of lighting earthenware lamps in his masjid and other temples. For this he needed oil, which he got from the grocers of Shirdi, as small donations. But there came a time when the grocers got tired of giving him oil for free. And so they refused him any oil saying they had no fresh stocks. Baba didn't say a word and returned to his masjid. But the masjid was not to remain in dark, as Sai Baba lit his earthenware lamps pouring water instead, which burnt deep into the midnight. Such was the miraculous power of Saibaba who lit fire out of water! When grocers came to know about it they rushed to him with apologies. Sai Baba pardoned them, but he warned them never to lie again. "You could have refused to give me the oil, but did you have to say that you didn't have fresh stocks?" he admonished them. But he had made his point.
Premonition of Burning Fields...

Once, harvesting in Shirdi had been completed and the foodgrains of the entire village had been stored in a yard. Blistering summer was ferocious. One afternoon Saibaba summoned Kondaji Sutar and asked him to better rush to his field as it was on fire. Fear struck Kondaji ran to his field but there was not a trace of smoke. He got back and said so to Saibaba. Unfazed Baba asked him to look again and as the luck would have it, a part of corn was indeed afire and smoke was beginning to billow from it. With strong wind fanning the fire, Kondaji became jittery and asked Saibaba to do something. At this Baba walked to the yard and sprinkled some water and the fire immediately got extinguished.
Stopping the Rain...

There goes a story that one Rao Bahadur Moreshwar Pradhan s wife had come for Sai Baba's darshan. As the couple was about to leave, it began to rain heavily with thunder and lightening. Seeing the Pradhan couple in trouble, Saibaba invoked the God and asked the rain to calm down, which surely did and the Pradhan were able to reach their destination safely.
Raising the Water Level in Well...

When Sai Baba first came to Shirdi it had of no basic facilities. There was a well put only in name, with no natural spring water. Villagers had tough time fetching water from a distance. When the villagers were to celebrate Baba's birthday on Ramnavami, there was obviously crisis of water in the region. But Saibaba with his miracles had solution for this problem as well. He showered some leaves into the well and lo and behold the level of water rose fulfilling the dire wish of the villagers.
Saving a Child from Drowning...

Once a 3-year-old daughter of a poor man named Babu Kirwandikar had fallen into a well and got drowned. When the villagers rushed to the well, they found to their utter disbelief that the child was suspended in midair as if some invisible hand was holding her. This again was one of the many miracles of Saibaba that saved people from distress.
Flow of Godavari (river) from Baba's Feet...

As recounted by Das Ganu, one of the disciples of Shri Saibaba, once he sought permission from Baba to visit a place called Singba on the banks of Godavari to have a holy bath. Saibaba refused and said what was the use of going that distance when Godavari was right under his feet. Das was puzzled. Realizing the doubt in Das's mind Saibaba asked him to come closer and hold the hollow of his palms at Baba's feet. As soon as he did so water flowed freely out of the toes of the master's feet and filled the hollow of Das Ganu's palms in no time. His joy knew no limits. He sprinkled the water on his head and his body and distributed some more among the assembled devotees as tirtha (holy water).

bujji baabu.......

link.............

W3Schools - A collection of free HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DHTML, XML, XHTML, WAP, ASP, SQL tutorials with lots of working examples and source code.

C-APTITUDE.................

Predict the output or error(s) for the following:

1. void main()
{
int const * p=5;
printf("%d",++(*p));
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Cannot modify a constant value.
Explanation:
p is a pointer to a "constant integer". But we tried to change the value of the "constant integer".

2. main()
{
char s[ ]="man";
int i;
for(i=0;s[ i ];i++)
printf("\n%c%c%c%c",s[ i ],*(s+i),*(i+s),i[s]);
}
Answer:
mmmm
aaaa
nnnn
Explanation:
s[i], *(i+s), *(s+i), i[s] are all different ways of expressing the same idea. Generally array name is the base address for that array. Here s is the base address. i is the index number/displacement from the base address. So, indirecting it with * is same as s[i]. i[s] may be surprising. But in the case of C it is same as s[i].

3. main()
{
float me = 1.1;
double you = 1.1;
if(me==you)
printf("I love U");
else
printf("I hate U");
}
Answer:
I hate U
Explanation:
For floating point numbers (float, double, long double) the values cannot be predicted exactly. Depending on the number of bytes, the precession with of the value represented varies. Float takes 4 bytes and long double takes 10 bytes. So float stores 0.9 with less precision than long double.
Rule of Thumb:
Never compare or at-least be cautious when using floating point numbers with relational operators (== , >, <, <=, >=,!= ) .

4. main()
{
static int var = 5;
printf("%d ",var--);
if(var)
main();
}
Answer:
5 4 3 2 1
Explanation:
When static storage class is given, it is initialized once. The change in the value of a static variable is retained even between the function calls. Main is also treated like any other ordinary function, which can be called recursively.

5. main()
{
int c[ ]={2.8,3.4,4,6.7,5};
int j,*p=c,*q=c;
for(j=0;j<5;j++) j="0;j<5;j++){" i="20;" i="-1,j="-1,k="0,l="2,m;" m="i++&&j++&&k++l++;" 0 =" 0)." i="3;" c="-" c="%d" c="2;" minus=" plus." i="65;" i="10;" i="!">14;
Printf ("i=%d",i);
}
Answer:
i=0


Explanation:
In the expression !i>14 , NOT (!) operator has more precedence than ‘ >’ symbol. ! is a unary logical operator. !i (!10) is 0 (not of true is false). 0>14 is false (zero).

15. #include
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
Answer:
77
Explanation:
p is pointing to character '\n'. str1 is pointing to character 'a' ++*p. "p is pointing to '\n' and that is incremented by one." the ASCII value of '\n' is 10, which is then incremented to 11. The value of ++*p is 11. ++*str1, str1 is pointing to 'a' that is incremented by 1 and it becomes 'b'. ASCII value of 'b' is 98.
Now performing (11 + 98 – 32), we get 77("M");
So we get the output 77 :: "M" (Ascii is 77).

16. #include
main()
{
int a[2][2][2] = { {10,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8} };
int *p,*q;
p=&a[2][2][2];
*q=***a;
printf("%d----%d",*p,*q);
}
Answer:
SomeGarbageValue---1
Explanation:
p=&a[2][2][2] you declare only two 2D arrays, but you are trying to access the third 2D(which you are not declared) it will print garbage values. *q=***a starting address of a is assigned integer pointer. Now q is pointing to starting address of a. If you print *q, it will print first element of 3D array.

17. #include
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
char name[]="hello";
};
struct xx *s;
printf("%d",s->x);
printf("%s",s->name);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
You should not initialize variables in declaration

18. #include
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
};
struct yy *q;
};
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
The structure yy is nested within structure xx. Hence, the elements are of yy are to be accessed through the instance of structure xx, which needs an instance of yy to be known. If the instance is created after defining the structure the compiler will not know about the instance relative to xx. Hence for nested structure yy you have to declare member.

19. main()
{
printf("\nab");
printf("\bsi");
printf("\rha");
}
Answer:
hai
Explanation:
\n - newline
\b - backspace
\r - linefeed

20. main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d%d%d%d%d%d",i++,i--,++i,--i,i);
}
Answer:
45545
Explanation:
The arguments in a function call are pushed into the stack from left to right. The evaluation is by popping out from the stack. and the evaluation is from right to left, hence the result.

21. #define square(x) x*x
main()
{
int i;
i = 64/square(4);
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
64
Explanation:
the macro call square(4) will substituted by 4*4 so the expression becomes i = 64/4*4 . Since / and * has equal priority the expression will be evaluated as (64/4)*4 i.e. 16*4 = 64

22. main()
{
char *p="hai friends",*p1;
p1=p;
while(*p!='\0') ++*p++;
printf("%s %s",p,p1);
}
Answer:
ibj!gsjfoet
Explanation:
++*p++ will be parse in the given order
Ø *p that is value at the location currently pointed by p will be taken
Ø ++*p the retrieved value will be incremented
Ø when ; is encountered the location will be incremented that is p++ will be executed
Hence, in the while loop initial value pointed by p is ‘h’, which is changed to ‘i’ by executing ++*p and pointer moves to point, ‘a’ which is similarly changed to ‘b’ and so on. Similarly blank space is converted to ‘!’. Thus, we obtain value in p becomes “ibj!gsjfoet” and since p reaches ‘\0’ and p1 points to p thus p1doesnot print anything.

23. #include
#define a 10
main()
{
#define a 50
printf("%d",a);
}
Answer:
50
Explanation:
The preprocessor directives can be redefined anywhere in the program. So the most recently assigned value will be taken.

24. #define clrscr() 100
main()
{
clrscr();
printf("%d\n",clrscr());
}
Answer:
100
Explanation:
Preprocessor executes as a seperate pass before the execution of the compiler. So textual replacement of clrscr() to 100 occurs.The input program to compiler looks like this :
main()
{
100;
printf("%d\n",100);
}
Note:
100; is an executable statement but with no action. So it doesn't give any problem

25. main()
{
printf("%p",main);
}
Answer:
Some address will be printed.
Explanation:
Function names are just addresses (just like array names are addresses).
main() is also a function. So the address of function main will be printed. %p in printf specifies that the argument is an address. They are printed as hexadecimal numbers.

27) main()
{
clrscr();
}
clrscr();

Answer:
No output/error
Explanation:
The first clrscr() occurs inside a function. So it becomes a function call. In the second clrscr(); is a function declaration (because it is not inside any function).

28) enum colors {BLACK,BLUE,GREEN}
main()
{

printf("%d..%d..%d",BLACK,BLUE,GREEN);

return(1);
}
Answer:
0..1..2
Explanation:
enum assigns numbers starting from 0, if not explicitly defined.

29) void main()
{
char far *farther,*farthest;

printf("%d..%d",sizeof(farther),sizeof(farthest));

}
Answer:
4..2
Explanation:
the second pointer is of char type and not a far pointer

30) main()
{
int i=400,j=300;
printf("%d..%d");
}
Answer:
400..300
Explanation:
printf takes the values of the first two assignments of the program. Any number of printf's may be given. All of them take only the first two values. If more number of assignments given in the program,then printf will take garbage values.

31) main()
{
char *p;
p="Hello";
printf("%c\n",*&*p);
}
Answer:
H
Explanation:
* is a dereference operator & is a reference operator. They can be applied any number of times provided it is meaningful. Here p points to the first character in the string "Hello". *p dereferences it and so its value is H. Again & references it to an address and * dereferences it to the value H.

32) main()
{
int i=1;
while (i<=5) { printf("%d",i); if (i>2)
goto here;
i++;
}
}
fun()
{
here:
printf("PP");
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Undefined label 'here' in function main
Explanation:
Labels have functions scope, in other words The scope of the labels is limited to functions . The label 'here' is available in function fun() Hence it is not visible in function main.

33) main()
{
static char names[5][20]={"pascal","ada","cobol","fortran","perl"};
int i;
char *t;
t=names[3];
names[3]=names[4];
names[4]=t;
for (i=0;i<=4;i++) printf("%s",names[i]); } Answer: Compiler error: Lvalue required in function main Explanation: Array names are pointer constants. So it cannot be modified. 34) void main() { int i=5; printf("%d",i++ + ++i); } Answer: Output Cannot be predicted exactly. Explanation: Side effects are involved in the evaluation of i 35) void main() { int i=5; printf("%d",i+++++i); } Answer: Compiler Error Explanation: The expression i+++++i is parsed as i ++ ++ + i which is an illegal combination of operators. 36) #include
main()
{
int i=1,j=2;
switch(i)
{
case 1: printf("GOOD");
break;
case j: printf("BAD");
break;
}
}
Answer:
Compiler Error: Constant expression required in function main.
Explanation:
The case statement can have only constant expressions (this implies that we cannot use variable names directly so an error).
Note:
Enumerated types can be used in case statements.

37) main()
{
int i;
printf("%d",scanf("%d",&i)); // value 10 is given as input here
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
Scanf returns number of items successfully read and not 1/0. Here 10 is given as input which should have been scanned successfully. So number of items read is 1.

38) #define f(g,g2) g##g2
main()
{
int var12=100;
printf("%d",f(var,12));
}
Answer:
100

39) main()
{
int i=0;

for(;i++;printf("%d",i)) ;

printf("%d",i);

}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
before entering into the for loop the checking condition is "evaluated". Here it evaluates to 0 (false) and comes out of the loop, and i is incremented (note the semicolon after the for loop).

40) #include
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
Answer:
M
Explanation:
p is pointing to character '\n'.str1 is pointing to character 'a' ++*p meAnswer:"p is pointing to '\n' and that is incremented by one." the ASCII value of '\n' is 10. then it is incremented to 11. the value of ++*p is 11. ++*str1 meAnswer:"str1 is pointing to 'a' that is incremented by 1 and it becomes 'b'. ASCII value of 'b' is 98. both 11 and 98 is added and result is subtracted from 32.
i.e. (11+98-32)=77("M");

41) #include
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
char name[]="hello";
};
struct xx *s=malloc(sizeof(struct xx));
printf("%d",s->x);
printf("%s",s->name);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
Initialization should not be done for structure members inside the structure declaration

42) #include
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
};
struct yy *q;
};
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
in the end of nested structure yy a member have to be declared.

43) main()
{
extern int i;
i=20;
printf("%d",sizeof(i));
}
Answer:
Linker error: undefined symbol '_i'.
Explanation:
extern declaration specifies that the variable i is defined somewhere else. The compiler passes the external variable to be resolved by the linker. So compiler doesn't find an error. During linking the linker searches for the definition of i. Since it is not found the linker flags an error.

44) main()
{
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Answer:
Compiler error: undefined symbol out in function main.
Explanation:
The rule is that a variable is available for use from the point of declaration. Even though a is a global variable, it is not available for main. Hence an error.

45) main()
{
extern out;
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Answer:
100
Explanation:
This is the correct way of writing the previous program.

46) main()
{
show();
}
void show()
{
printf("I'm the greatest");
}
Answer:
Compier error: Type mismatch in redeclaration of show.
Explanation:
When the compiler sees the function show it doesn't know anything about it. So the default return type (ie, int) is assumed. But when compiler sees the actual definition of show mismatch occurs since it is declared as void. Hence the error.
The solutions are as follows:
1. declare void show() in main() .
2. define show() before main().
3. declare extern void show() before the use of show().

47) main( )
{
int a[2][3][2] = {{{2,4},{7,8},{3,4}},{{2,2},{2,3},{3,4}}};
printf(“%u %u %u %d \n”,a,*a,**a,***a);
printf(“%u %u %u %d \n”,a+1,*a+1,**a+1,***a+1);
}
Answer:
100, 100, 100, 2
114, 104, 102, 3
Explanation:
The given array is a 3-D one. It can also be viewed as a 1-D array.

2
4
7
8
3
4
2
2
2
3
3
4
100 102 104 106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120 122

thus, for the first printf statement a, *a, **a give address of first element . since the indirection ***a gives the value. Hence, the first line of the output.
for the second printf a+1 increases in the third dimension thus points to value at 114, *a+1 increments in second dimension thus points to 104, **a +1 increments the first dimension thus points to 102 and ***a+1 first gets the value at first location and then increments it by 1. Hence, the output.

48) main( )
{
int a[ ] = {10,20,30,40,50},j,*p;
for(j=0; j<5; p =" a;" j="0;" ptr =" p;" a =" value" ptr =" value" 1002 =" value" 102 =" 1." p =" 2," a =" 2," ptr =" 2." p =" 3," a =" 3," ptr =" 3." p =" 1006" 1000 =" 3," a =" 108" 100 =" 4," ptr =" 4." j="0;" j="0;" j="0;" 2 =" M">

SYLLABUS FOR GATE 2009

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Mathematical Logic: Propositional Logic; First Order Logic.

Probability: Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Random Variables; Distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial.

Set Theory & Algebra: Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra.

Combinatorics: Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions;
recurrence relations; asymptotics.

Graph Theory: Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent sets; Colouring; Planarity; Isomorphism.

Linear Algebra: Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.

Numerical Methods: LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear algebraic equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson?s rules.

Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivatives, maxima & minima.

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Digital Logic: Logic functions, Minimization, Design and synthesis of combinational and sequential circuits; Number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point).

Computer Organization and Architecture: Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data-path, CPU control design, Memory interface, I/O interface (Interrupt and DMA mode), Instruction pipelining, Cache and main memory, Secondary storage.

Programming and Data Structures: Programming in C; Functions, Recursion, Parameter passing, Scope, Binding; Abstract data types, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, Binary search trees, Binary heaps.

Algorithms: Analysis, Asymptotic notation, Notions of space and time complexity, Worst and average case analysis; Design: Greedy approach, Dynamic programming, Divide-and-conquer; Tree and graph traversals, Connected components, Spanning trees, Shortest paths; Hashing, Sorting, Searching. Asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of time and space, upper and lower bounds, Basic concepts of complexity classes ? P, NP, NP-hard, NP-complete.

Theory of Computation: Regular languages and finite automata, Context free languages and Push-down automata, Recursively enumerable sets and Turing machines, Undecidability.

Compiler Design: Lexical analysis, Parsing, Syntax directed translation, Runtime environments, Intermediate and target code generation, Basics of code optimization.

Operating System: Processes, Threads, Inter-process communication, Concurrency, Synchronization, Deadlock, CPU scheduling, Memory management and virtual memory, File systems, I/O systems, Protection and security.

Databases: ER-model, Relational model (relational algebra, tuple calculus), Database design (integrity constraints, normal forms), Query languages (SQL), File structures (sequential files, indexing, B and B+ trees), Transactions and concurrency control.

Information Systems and Software Engineering: information gathering, requirement and feasibility analysis, data flow diagrams, process specifications, input/output design, process life cycle, planning and managing the project, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance.

Computer Networks: ISO/OSI stack, LAN technologies (Ethernet, Token ring), Flow and error control techniques, Routing algorithms, Congestion control, TCP/UDP and sockets, IP(v4), Application layer protocols (icmp, dns, smtp, pop, ftp, http); Basic concepts of hubs, switches, gateways, and routers. Network security ? basic concepts of public key and private key cryptography, digital signature, firewalls.

Web technologies: HTML, XML, basic concepts of client-server computing

H-R INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Just as with decorating, the secret of success in interviews is all in the preparation. Here are some of the questions you are most likely to face:
“Why do you want this job?”
It’s the natural next step for you and this is the right organisation in which to further your career. Show off your knowledge about the business – make all that research worthwhile.
“Where does it fit in with your career plans?”
It’s good to talk about steady progression and cementing your experience. But ambition can be good too and there is no harm in aspiring to the boss’s job in five years’ time.
“What are your strengths?”
Ensure that these are relevant to the job. Being a great team player isn’t the most useful attribute if you’re applying for a job as night watchman.
“What are your weaknesses?”
These should be positive weaknesses – perhaps you have a tendency to work too hard.
“What’s been your most significant success at work?”
This is about your personal achievements and contribution. Interviewers aren’t interested in the great team you work with. If you have limited work experience, you could talk about achievements outside work. But relate them to the job you are applying for.
“What is the biggest mistake you ever made?”
We all make them, but what’s important is how you dealt with your biggest mistake and what you learnt from the experience.
“What is the greatest challenge you have ever faced?”
Keep it relevant to the job and be positive. Again, interviewers want to know how you met the challenge and what you might do differently, with the wisdom of hindsight, in a similar situation.
“How do you cope with difficult colleagues?”
It’s all about trying to understand a situation from someone else’s perspective – that’s team work.
“You’ve changed jobs three times in the past five years, why should I think you are more serious about this one?”
Great opportunities came your way and you would have been foolish to turn them down. Or, you took a job to achieve a particular goal and, having succeeded sooner than you expected, it was time to move on.
“What do you do outside work?”
You want to appear active, but not so busy that you could not get to work on time or stay late occasionally.
“What’s your current salary?”
Include all your perks and bonuses, but tell the truth. The interviewer can always contact your current employer to check. We've also asked our jobseekers for their favourite questions to pose an interviewer.
Below are some of the best:
"What’s the best thing about working at your company?"
"Why has the position become available?"
"What can I expect from you in terms of development, support and motivation?"
"Has this role been offered internally?"
"What is the possibility of promotion within the company?"
"What type of prospects does this role offer?"
"If I was offered the job, what are the main monitors for success?"
"What does the organisation expect from its employees?"
"What behaviour is desired and rewarded (not financially) in this position?"
"What is the turnover of staff like throughout the company?" "What elements of the job offer flexibility and variety?"
"I do like a challenge; does this role involve me being in a status where I can use my initiative?"
"What influence will I have over the size of budget and how it is managed?"
"What aspirations do you have for me with this department?"
"Where would you like to see me within the company in five years?"
"Where will the job I am applying for fit into the team?"
"In the department I would be entering, what is the age group?"
"What do you think would attract me to accept this position, if I am to be the successful candidate?"
"Are there any plans to expand the company?"
"Why did you join the company and what are your long term goals?"
"What is your management style like?"
"Have you seen much growth since you were bought out by XXX?"


');
//-->


jasper11Joined: 28 Jan 2008Posts: 1
Posted: Wed Jul 23, 2008 10:28 am Post subject:

I would like to say that one thing is clear: interview questions are meant to help you prepare for the interview.No matter what your qualification is,no matter how much job experience you have--if you are not able to answer common questions of interview,you won't get the job.

Can a car run on nuclear power?

In the 1950s, perhaps the height of the so-called Atomic Age, Ford developed a concept car called the Ford Nucleon. This nuclear-powered automobile was designed, according to Ford, based on the assumption that future nuclear reactors would be smaller, safer, lighter and more portable [Source: Ford]. The design called for a power capsule located in the rear of the car, charging stations replacing gas stations and 5,000 miles of driving before recharging or replacing the fuel. As is the case with many concept cars, Ford never built the Nucleon -- only a model car half the size of a normal car .
Nuclear Power Image Gallery
FPG/Hulton Archive/GettyIn the 1950s, Ford produced a concept car called the Nucleon, intended to run on nuclear power, but the vehicle was never produced. See more nuclear power pictures.
It may seem like an impossible quest, or something from a science fiction movie, but nuclear-powered cars are worth considering, especially with the ongoing energy and climate crises. Given these challenges, some experts think that the use of nuclear power, in various forms, will make a comeback in the near future. When done properly, nuclear power is relatively safe, clean and affordable. So why not use it for cars?
To get an idea, think of how countries have employed nuclear reactors for uses beyond traditional nuclear power plants, submarines and aircraft carriers. Some uses of specialized reactors include providing heating in extremely cold climates and trying to convert coal into clean-burning gas. Both the former U.S.S.R. and the United States used small reactors to power satellites, though the practice became controversial because of satellites' propensity to fall back to Earth and break apart. These are examples of research reactors, and they may provide scientists with some ideas of how to adapt nuclear reactors for use in other vehicles.
One such possibility is nuclear-fueled hydrogen -- using nuclear energy to create clean, safe, affordable hydrogen fuel. Nuclear reactors could also power stations where motorists charge highly efficient batteries. Finally, scientists could create a miniature nuclear power plant and stick it in a car.

QUOTATIONS

->A deadline is negative inspiration. Still, it's better than no inspiration at all.
->A life of reaction is a life of slavery, intellectually and spiritually. One must fight for a life of action, not reaction.
->A peacefulness follows any decision, even the wrong one.
->About all you can do in life is be who you are. Some people will love you for you. Most will love you for what you can do for them, and some won't like you at all.
->Art is moral passion married to entertainment. Moral passion without entertainment is propaganda, and entertainment without moral passion is television.
->As a woman, I find it very embarrassing to be in a meeting and realize I'm the only one in the room with balls.
->Divorce is the one human tragedy that reduces everything to cash.
->Don't ask to live in tranquil times. Literature doesn't grow there.
->Education is a wonderful thing. If you couldn't sign your name you'd have to pay cash.
->Every action is either strong or weak, and when every action is strong we are successful.
->Good judgment comes from experience, and often experience comes from bad judgment.
->Humor comes from self-confidence.
->I am a comic writer, which means I get to slay the dragons, and shoot the bull.
->I became a lesbian because of women, because women are beautiful, strong, and compassionate.
->I believe in a lively disrespect for most forms of authority.
->I believe the true function of age is memory. I'm recording as fast as I can.
->I believe you are your work. Don't trade the stuff of your life, time, for nothing more than dollars. That's a rotten bargain.
->I finally figured out the only reason to be alive is to enjoy it.
->If the world were a logical place, men would ride side-saddle.
->Intuition is a suspension of logic due to impatience.
->Language exerts hidden power, like the moon on the tides.
->Lead me not into temptation; I can find the way myself.
->Leroy bet me I couldn't find a pot of gold at the end, and I told him that was a stupid bet because the rainbow was enough.
->Moral passion without entertainment is propaganda, and entertainment without moral passion is television.
->Morals are private. Decency is public.
->One of the keys to happiness is a bad memory.
->pornographyfor the lonesome, the ugly, the fearful - it's made for the losers.
->Recognition of function always precedes recognition of being.
->The only queer people are those who don't love anybody.
->The reward for conformity is that everyone likes you but yourself.
->The statistics on sanity are that one out of every four Americans is suffering from some form of mental illness. Think of your three best friends. If they're okay, then it's you.
->To love without role, without power plays, is revolution.
->Virginia Woolf said that writers must be androgynous. I'll go a step further. You must be bisexual.
->Women who love women are Lesbians. Men, because they can only think of women in sexual terms, define Lesbian as sex between women.
->Writers will happen in the best of families.
->You can't be truly rude until you understand good manners.
->You sell a screenplay like you sell a car. If someone drives it off a cliff, that's it.